Page 20 - EXPOTIME!Sept2017

Analysis

ready, the Romans set for journey in search of the dis- of Compostelle, Fatima, the Ganges and the Undue, the
covery of the art works bequeathed by Greece. Paris, Mount Fuji where the Shintoists used to go, which at-
the most visited city nowadays in the world, with 15 mil- tracted considerable crowds estimated to 500 million
17
lion registered people every year, benefit from the rep- people in 2016. The "zarda "is the visit made to the
utation of her museums, her monuments, her avenues, mausoleum of a holy Moslem or a dignitary of "zaouïa ".
her style of life. In the world, innumerable cities of art
drain the crowds of people. The heritage in the gener- The creative tourism unites people generally interested
al senses thus became a very profitable capital. Some by the immaterial heritage, by the discovery of a tech-
temporary cultural demonstrations also play an impor- nique and its practice. It is in this vein that shops and
tant role; it is the case of the world fairs of which the the culinary workshops, pottery practices, basketwork,
first among them, organized in London in 1851, attracted texture practices, and painting on cloth sessions are pro-
more 6 million visitors. The retrospectives, dedicated to posed. Also, it is made possible for people to start learn-
a famous artist or a mobilizing theme, permitting to see ing agriculture by the stay in a farm or in a kibbutz of
art works lent by faraway museums, are well valued by Israel, to the fishing in high seas…
the public. Of a particular shape, the industrial tour-
15
ism proposes visits to former factories, forges, dams, The sanitary tourism is practiced by people enduring
salt marshes… The eco-museums present machines and some affections. Previously the tuberculosis was often
tools of past to visitors. tidy by stays in sanatorium of altitude. Today, it is the
thermalism that represents the main shape of this activ-
The tourism of festival, other cultural leisure shape, ity. The places from where spring rich sources in certain
generally rests on yearly demonstrations, organized at mineral propose the baths and the ingestion of water to
stationary date, often dedicated to the spectacle and remedy particular illnesses. The sanitary tourism some-
the artistic activities. These demonstrations are po- times rests on simple stays of rest in a climatic station or
ly-cultural or centered on a theme: the theater in Avi- in the country/rural area.
gnon, the classical music in Aix-en-Provence or Salzburg,
the comic strip in Angouleme. In Ouagadougou, takes The bathing tourism is one of the most typical incarna-
place the Pan-African Festival of the movies and the tel- tions of mass tourism. The sea bath was considered in
th
th
evision. Some countries as Tunisia with Sousse, Tabarka, the 18 and the 19 cent. as a therapy. But the taste
Carthage, Hammamet to name but those possess many of contact with the nature, the flight of the water sports
festivals. Crowds can be very important; the Old Plows and the elongation in the days of the summer vacations
in Carhaix in Brittany, where artists organize shows, transformed the bath in a popular leisure. The countries
passed from 2 000 spectators in 1993 to 200 000 in the possessing beaches arrange them; edge them of hotels
beginning of the 21 cent. The ties with the politics and centers of all kind of trades. The Mediterranean
th
appear frequent: noticed creations, laudatory critiques, coastline that offers attractive sites and a sunny summer
and a good company constitute sources of prestige for a climate becomes one of the world centers of the bath-
country; the Festival of Cannes, the first film demonstra- ing tourism: the French Riviera, Djerba, Hammamet, the
tion of the world, is instituted in 1939 as the "festival of Costa Brava, the Balearic, among many other places,
the democracies "in reaction against the Mostra of Ven- constitute typical cases. Many other examples can be
ice, "festival of fascisms "controlled by the Mussolinian given in the world, of Mauritius Island to the beaches
regime. 16 Latin America or Florida. With a particular shape, the
naturist tourism which is made up of 800 sites in 42
The tourism memorial proposes the visit of places load- countries is practiced by people refusing, at least during
ed of history as the Great Wall of China, the site of the vacations, to wear some clothes. 18
former wall of Berlin, the fields of the First World War
with Verdun, the Nazi concentration camps… It can be To some extent the wintry tourism constitutes the sym-
about an individual and intimate history, like the return metry of the bathing shape, and this is so during the
to places where one used to live,: some "black feet ", for snow-covered months. There the well placed stations
example, take the path of Algeria of their youth. also multiply amenities, packed down tracks, mechani-
cal ascents, cable cars, springboards, and hotels.
The religious tourism or pilgrimage is attested since the
antiquity. Indeed, ancients came to look for the recovery The tourism of cruises was founded in 1891 by the Ger-
by the god of Asclepius in its sanctuaries of Epidaurus man ship-owner Albert Ballin, anxious of making money
and Kos. They also surrendered in Delphos to know the on his ships during the winter. The nautical displacement
future that they were revealed the Pythie, the priestess taste, in Mediterranean first, then in the Nordic fjords
of Apollon. The pilgrimage rests thus on the meeting of or the tropical seas is becoming more and more impor-
the occult in a precise and sacred place that permits a tant. Nowadays, gigantic boats capable of containing up
communication with the divinity by the achievement of to 6000 passengers are made available. These boats, be-
rituals, the reverence of relics, the bath in a stream or a tween two cultural stopovers, have numerous activities
source. The Mecca and Medina, Jerusalem and the tomb on board, spectacles, conferences, gambling machines,
19
of the patriarchs in Hebron, Rome, Heavy, Saint Jacques swimming pools… The fluvial cruise practice witnesses

20
EXPOTIME!, issue August/September 2017